audiobriefs
9:06in productionCh. 1 · The First Chordal Synth/ 9:06 · ceiling 15 min
Synths & drum machines

Oberheim Polyphonic Synthesizer

Chords sound thick because the synth can’t stay in tune — and that’s why it still matters.

The Oberheim Polyphonic Synthesizer is a series of analog music synthesizers produced from 1975 to 1979. It was the first production synthesizer capable of playing chords. It works by combining multiple SEM modules — each generating one voice — under shared keyboard control and a two-channel sequencer. Its sonic thickness and depth arise partly from random variance between SEM modules. It has no patch memory, suffers tuning drift, and demands high maintenance. Musicians used it for unstable, breathing chordal textures. It suits players who prioritise tactile, variable analog polyphony over stability or recall.

Chapters & takeaways4
  1. 0:48
    The First Chordal Synth

    It was the first production synth that could play chords.

  2. 2:12
    How It Makes Polyphony

    It stacks independent SEMs under one keyboard and sequencer.

  3. 3:37
    Why It Sounds Like It Does

    Its 'thickness' comes from random variance between SEM modules.

  4. 5:30
    The First Oberheim-Branded Products

    Two Voice, Four Voice, and Eight Voice debuted at June 1975 NAMM.

Worth your time?

Yes. Use the whole thing.

4/ 5
What works
  • chordal thickness from SEM variance
  • immediate tactile control per voice
  • sequenced two-channel pattern playback
What does not
  • offer patch memory
  • maintain stable tuning across voices
  • support modern DAW integration
Use it if
  • players who value hands-on analog chordal synthesis
  • producers seeking organic, non-identical voice layering
Skip it if
  • users needing reliable recallable presets
  • performers requiring stable intonation
The written brief1 min read

What it is and what it was built for

It is a series of analog music synthesizers produced from 1975 to 1979. It was built to play chords — the first production synthesizers capable of doing so.

How it works, in terms a player would use

It uses multiple SEM modules — each generating one voice — under shared keyboard control. A digitally scanned keyboard routes notes to active SEMs. A two-channel sequencer records and plays back patterns.

What it does better than anything else

It delivers unmatched chordal thickness and depth from random variance between discrete analog SEMs — a trait no later polyphonic synth replicates identically.

What it does badly

It offers no voice allocation logic beyond fixed assignment. It has no patch memory. Tuning drifts across SEMs. Maintenance is costly and parts are rare.

What people made with it

Musicians used it to create layered, evolving pads and basslines that breathe with instability — textures defined by SEM-to-SEM inconsistency, not precision.

Who should use it, and who should not

Use it if you work with hands-on, performance-driven analog synthesis and accept tuning instability as part of the voice. Do not use it if you rely on recallable patches or stable intonation.

Is it worth your time

Yes, if you need chordal analog synthesis with organic variation between voices. No, if you need reliability, patch memory, or modern workflow integration.

Same bench · Synths & drum machines4 of 241
9:33
Oberheim OB-8OberheimThe OB-8 gave players twice the programming depth of earlier OB synths—via Page 2—while anchoring Oberheim’s ‘The System’ with the DSX and DMX. It runs on a Z80 CPU, stores 120 patches, and plays eight voices across a 61-note keyboard. It does not hide its age: cassette storage, no effects, and bi-timbral mode cuts voice count in half.
11:30
Oberheim OB-XaOberheimThe OB-Xa is a pragmatic evolution: layering and splitting built in, filter envelope replacing cross modulation, Curtis ICs for stability, and Serial Buss for closed-system integration. It delivers thick, reliable polyphony — but sacrifices the OB-X’s discrete-circuit idiosyncrasy and FM flexibility.
9:59
Oberheim Matrix-12OberheimThe Oberheim Matrix-12 is a 12-voice, 61-key, fully analog synthesizer introduced in 1985. It uses Matrix Modulation for virtual patching. Every control can affect another parameter. It provides 15 LFO types and VCAs per voice. It is more programmable and sonically fatter than the Matrix-6 and Xpander. It is not intended for beginners. It is renowned for thick analog pads, sweeps, buzzes, basses and textures—and was called the 'king of analog sounds' in the mid-eighties.
8:08
Oberheim OB-XOberheimThe OB-X was Oberheim’s first OB-series polyphonic analog subtractive synthesizer. Introduced in June 1979 to compete with the Prophet-5, it replaced modular SEM-based systems with a unified design built around interchangeable voice cards. It offered 4-, 6-, or 8-voice configurations, 32 user-programmable presets, and automated tuning via a Z-80 microprocessor. Its architecture prioritised stability and integration over flexibility or expressivity.
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