The outcome most is learned from and least is written about honestly.
The ARP Avatar was a 1977 guitar-controlled synthesizer module. It copied the ARP Odyssey’s synthesis architecture but removed the keyboard and added a 6-way fuzzbox. It required a hexaphonic pickup and pitch-to-voltage conversion. It failed commercially. Sales totalled $1 million over two years against $4 million spent on R&D and production. It contributed to ARP Instruments’ bankruptcy in 1981.
The Gibson Victory Bass is a four-string solid-body electric bass designed by Wayne Charvel for Gibson from 1981 to 1986. It shares its lineage with the Gibson Victory, uses fixed materials (maple body, three-ply maple neck, rosewood fingerboard), and offers a fretless option — but nothing more. It was not a successful model. No evidence confirms distinctive tone, player adoption or recorded use.
The Gibson Moderne is a non-instrument: a shape conceived in 1957, patented in 1958, rejected at NAMM the same year, and absent from musical use for 25 years. It has no verified sound, no operational history, no confirmed prototype, and no functional distinction from later reissues. Its only property is ambiguity.
The Rickenbacker 4003 debuted in 1980 as a near-twin of the 4001 with an updated truss rod system made for roundwound strings. It has neck-through construction, has stayed in continuous production, and has spawned five-string, eight-string, fretless, limited-edition and signature versions.
The Hammond A-100 is a console tonewheel organ introduced in 1959. It is effectively a self-contained version of the B-3 and C-3, with an internal power amplifier and speakers, and it was built in many chassis styles identified by the last two digits of the model number.
The Chamberlin M1 appeared in 1970 as a table-top, much more durable Chamberlin design. It dropped the rhythm tapes, rewound its tapes with a return-roller system and used higher-quality playback heads. About 130 were built before production ended in 1981.
The 59DC was one of the first two reissues of Danelectro's Shorthorn line, sold between 1998 and 2001 with two pickups. The Shorthorn design it reissues is a dual cutaway hollow body of Masonite and poplar, with a Coke bottle style headstock and a seal shaped pickguard carrying stacked tone and volume knobs.